My dear Clarke,
The busy time has just gone by, and I can now devote any time you may mention to the pleasure of seeing you. I saw Hunt the other day, and he surprised me with a real authenticated lock of Milton’s hair. I know you would like to see it.
I sat down to read King Lear once again the thing appeared to demand the prologue of a Sonnet, I wrote it & began to read—(I know you would like to see it)
Much have I travell’d in the realms of gold, And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; Round many western islands have I been Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold. Oft of one wide expanse had I been told That deep-brow’d Homer ruled as his demesne; Yet did I never breathe its pure serene Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold: Then felt I like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken; Or like stout Cortez when with eagle eyes He star’d at the Pacific—and all his men Look’d at each other with a wild surmise— Silent, upon a peak in Darien.
What think you of this? I remember your saying that you had notions of a good Genius presiding over you—I have of late had the same thought. For things which I do half at Random are afterwards confirmed by my judgment in a dozen features of Propriety—Is it too daring to Fancy Shakespeare this Presider?
When I have fears that I may cease to be Before my pen has glean’d my teeming brain, Before high piled books, in charact’ry, Hold like rich garners the full-ripen’d grain; When I behold, upon the night’s starr’d face, Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance, And think that I may never live to trace Their shadows, with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love!—then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.
Your sincere friend, John Keats
About This Letter
Historical Context
Written to Charles Cowden Clarke, Keats's former schoolmaster and the person who introduced him to Chapman's translation of Homer. This letter accompanied the famous sonnet 'On First Looking into Chapman's Homer,' written after an all-night reading session.
Significance
This letter captures one of the most famous moments of literary discovery in English poetry. Keats's encounter with Homer through Chapman's translation inspired one of his greatest sonnets and marked a turning point in his poetic development.
About John Keats
John Keats (1795-1821) was an English Romantic poet whose work was largely unrecognized during his lifetime but is now considered among the greatest in English literature. He died of tuberculosis at age 25, leaving behind some of the most beautiful poetry in the English language.
About Charles Cowden Clarke
Charles Cowden Clarke (1787-1877) was Keats's former teacher at Enfield School and remained a lifelong friend. He introduced Keats to literature and poetry, playing a crucial role in the young poet's intellectual development.
Additional Resources
- On First Looking into Chapman's Homer Analysis of Keats's famous sonnet
- The Letters of John Keats - Project Gutenberg Complete collection of Keats's letters
- Charles Cowden Clarke Biography of Keats's mentor and friend